Nanoparticles as a possible moderator for an ultracold neutron source

Ultracold and very cold neutrons (UCN and VCN) interact strongly with nanoparticles due to the similarity of their wavelengths and nanoparticles sizes. We analyze the hypothesis that this interaction can provide efficient cooling of neutrons by ultracold nanoparticles at certain experimental conditions, thus increasing the density of UCN by many orders of magnitude. The present analytical and numerical description of the problem is limited to the model of independent nanoparticles at zero temperature. Constraints of application of this model are discussed

Comment about constraints on nanometer-range modifications to gravity from low-energy neutron experiments

A topic of present interest is the application of experimentally observed quantum mechanical levels of ultra-cold neutrons in the earth's gravitational field for searching short-range modifications to gravity. A constraint on new forces in the nanometer-range published by Nesvizhevsky and Protasov follows from inadequate modelling of the interaction potential of a neutron with a mirror wall. Limits by many orders of magnitude better were already derived long ago from the consistency of experiments on the neutron-electron interaction.Comment: three page

A New Constraint for the Coupling of Axion-like particles to Matter via Ultra-Cold Neutron Gravitational Experiments

We present a new constraint for the axion monopole-dipole coupling in the range of 1 micrometer to a few millimeters, previously unavailable for experimental study. The constraint was obtained using our recent results on the observation of neutron quantum states in the Earth's gravitational field. We exploit the ultimate sensitivity of ultra-cold neutrons (UCN) in the lowest gravitational states above a material surface to any additional interaction between the UCN and the matter, if the characteristic interaction range is within the mentioned domain. In particular, we find that the upper limit for the axion monopole-dipole coupling constant is (g_p g_s)/(\hbar c)<2 x 10^{-15} for the axion mass in the ``promising'' axion mass region of ~1 meV.Comment: 5 pages 3 figure

Experimental constraints for additional short-range forces from neutron experiments

We present preliminary results on sensitivity of experiments with slow neutrons to constrain additional forces in a wide distance range: from picometers to micrometers. In the sub-nanometer range, available data on lengths of neutron scattering at nuclei provide the most competitive constraint. We show that it can be improved significantly in a dedicated measurement of asymmetry of neutron scattering at noble gases. In the micrometer range, we present sensitivity of the future GRANIT experiment. Further analysis will be presented in following publications.Comment: presented in "les rencontres de Moriond" 2007 conferenc

Can we observe the gravitational quantum states of Positronium?

In this paper we consider the feasibility of observing the gravitational quantum states of positronium. The proposed scheme employs the flow-throw technique used for the first observation of this effect with neutrons. Collimation and Stark deceleration of Rydberg positronium atoms allow to select the required velocity class. If this experiment could be realized with positronium it would lead to a determination of g for this matter-antimatter system at the few % level. As discussed in this contribution, most of the required techniques are currently available but important milestones have to be demonstrated experimentally before such an experiment could become reality. Those are: the efficient focusing of a bunched positron beam, Stark deceleration of Rydberg positronium and its subsequent excitation into states with large angular momentum. We provide an estimate of the efficiencies we expect for these steps and assuming those could be confirmed we calculate the signal rate.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure, contribution to the GRANIT 2014 workshop: Quantum gravitationnal spectroscopy with ultra-cold system

Quantum motion of a neutron in a wave-guide in the gravitational field

We study theoretically the quantum motion of a neutron in a horizontal wave-guide in the gravitational field of the Earth. The wave-guide in question is equipped with a mirror below and a rough absorber above. We show that such a system acts as a quantum filter, i.e. it effectively absorbs quantum states with sufficiently high transversal energy but transmits low-energy states. The states transmitted are mainly determined by the potential well formed by the gravitational field of the Earth and the mirror. The formalism developed for quantum motion in an absorbing wave-guide is applied to the description of the recent experiment on the observation of the quantum states of neutrons in the Earth's gravitational field

Development of a high sensitivity torsional balance for the study of the Casimir force in the 1-10 micrometer range

We discuss a proposal to measure the Casimir force in the parallel plate configuration in the $1-10\mu$m range via a high-sensitivity torsional balance. This will allow to measure the thermal contribution to the Casimir force therefore discriminating between the various approaches discussed so far. The accurate control of the Casimir force in this range of distances is also required to improve the limits to the existence of non-Newtonian forces in the micrometer range predicted by unification models of fundamental interactions.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure

Quantum ballistic experiment on antihydrogen fall

We study an interferometric approach to measure gravitational mass of antihydrogen. The method consists of preparing a coherent superposition of antihydrogen quantum state localized near a material surface in the gravitational field of the Earth, and then observing the time distribution of annihilation events followed after the free fall of an initially prepared superposition from a given height to the detector plate. We show that a corresponding time distribution is related to the momentum distribution in the initial state that allows its precise measurement. This approach is combined with a method of production of a coherent superposition of gravitational states by inducing a resonant transition using oscillating gradient magnetic field. We estimate an accuracy of measuring the gravitational mass of antihydrogen atom which could be deduced from such a measurement.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1403.478